The Cyber Security Framework - 959 Words

Proper framework The path forward to secure transportation systems from cyber attacks will require broad-based commitments to improve cybersecurity awareness and the use of best security practices by individuals, industries and government agencies. Sector partners should work together to refine assessments of the cyber threats and vulnerabilities, and to assure timely sharing of cyber-threat information with owners and operators. The partners should continue to implement the Transportation Systems Sector’s Cybersecurity Strategy and support initiatives based on implementation of the NIST Cybersecurity Framework. For the possibility of an uptick in cyber incidents, the federal government has developed a number of tools to help†¦show more content†¦The framework profiles define the set of baseline activities an organization is currently using and the desired or target capabilities they would like to achieve. The tiers facilitate the gap analysis process, which leads to a tiered implementation for cybersecurity protection. The tiers provide a context for agencies to better understand their cybersecurity risk-management practices and to rate them. Using the cybersecurity framework, the Federal Highway Administation (FHWA) is creating a tool for state and local transportation agencies. The tool will be one part of the overall agency response to the emergent cyber resilience challenge. To develop the tool, the FHWA will tailor the NIST framework for transportation agencies with help from industry and operating agencies. The tool, now in the early stages of planning, will include a structu red cybersecurity assessment and development program for the transportation community of practice. Transportation agencies will be able to use the tailored framework as a self-assessment tool to evaluate their current practices and to identify where they can improve current cybersecurity activities and programs. The goal of the tool is to improve the overall protection and resilience of the nation’s highway infrastructure. There needs to be more Research is needed to identify effective practices to protect transportationShow MoreRelatedCyber Security Framework1175 Words   |  5 PagesCybersecurity Framework SEO: Critical infrastructure, enterprise network security What is the NIST Cybersecurity Framework, and how does it help strengthen your security processes? The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has a number of guidelines and best practices for cybersecurity concerns across industries; one of their most well-known guides is their Cybersecurity Framework, originally created in February 2014, with a major revision underway as of January 2017. This Framework was pennedRead MoreThe Faceless Threat : Cyber Security And Critical Infrastructure1306 Words   |  6 PagesThe Faceless Threat: Cyber Security and Critical Infrastructure Our society continues to promote a culture that perpetuates overdependence on technology to monitor complex Internet-based systems. Thus, the U.S cannot ignore the devastation that could ensue from an attack by a nation-state, cyber terrorist, or hacker. As discussed in the 2014 Quadrennial Homeland Security Review, the number of CIKR systems that depend on the Internet or data processing networks for seamless operations are increasingRead MoreCyber Security And Cyber Threats Essay1510 Words   |  7 Pageshas been confronting issues of cyber-attacks to such an extent that majority of the patients feel every moment that they are at great risk and thus their treatment processes suffer a lot.(Hacking Healthcare IT in 2016) The small sized clinics do not have many resources to enhance their information security systems. Even the large sized enterprises are vulnerable to the cyber threats. The White House had declared that it would increase opportunities to tackle the cyber threats in every sphere, but theRead MoreThe Utilization Of Cyber Attack Test System Frameworks1443 Words   |  6 Pages Alpesh Patel SEC 402: Cyber Security Professor: Gregory Blanche Case Study 1: The Critical Need for Information Security 04/15/2016 â€Æ' The utilization of Cyber-Attack test system frameworks is extraordinary significance to any given association that vibe the danger of digital instability. With the expanded development in Information Technology, there is also an expansion in the quantity of harmful individuals that are out to hack and cut down data frameworks and associations. For example, theRead MoreThe Plan Of An Insurance Policy1496 Words   |  6 Pagesinsurance policy is a way to help maintain the risk of cyber attacks at an acceptable level. The plan in figure 2.2 shows an insurance decision plan of action. This plan of action is crucial in illustrating how insurance can help in maintaining the risk. The first step taken in the plan of action is conducting a thorough audit of the current information on security risks, which can be conducted during the assessment of risk process in the framework, after, the company will assess the current insuranceRead MoreNIST Framework1100 Words   |  4 Pages â€Æ' Table of Contents SUMMARY OF NIST FRAMEWORK 3 NIST FRAMEWORK IN MAKING IT MANAGEMENT DECISIONS 5 Summary of NIST framework This report provides a summary of NIST Framework and its process based on the documents SP 800-30, SP 800-37 and SP 800-39. The national agencies in United States of America and also a lot of companies are relying on the framework in order to improve their infrastructure security settings. Cybersecurity threats can exploit theirRead MoreOntology Of Information Security In Enterprises. Stephen1483 Words   |  6 PagesOntology of Information Security in Enterprises Stephen Schiavone1, Lalit Garg2 and Kelly Summers3 1University of Liverpool, Fountain Hills, Arizona, USA 2University of Liverpool, University of Malta, Malta 3Medicis Pharmaceutical Corp, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA steve.schiavone@my.ohecampus.com lalit.garg@my.ohecampus.com krsummers@sbcglobal.net Abstract: Today’s global free-market enterprise is reliant on the interconnectedness of social, economic and political ecosystems. Enterprises no longer maintainRead MoreCyber Attack On The United States1674 Words   |  7 PagesCyber Security Abstract Cyber attack has been a huge problem for so many years and there have been a lot of attempts to stop it but there have not been enough resources for this to happen. This paper offers more top to bottom clarification of Cyber attack, reasons, dangers, and defenselessness. It talks about the impact on individual; gives situations of Cyber attacks lastly clarifies ways that people can keep themselves from being casualties of Cyber attack. This paper will give insights on howRead MoreThe Internet And Its Effects On The Environment1538 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Canadian government has published â€Å"Canada s cyber security strategy: For a stronger and more prosperous Canada†, a strategic platform to secure the Canadian cyberspace. However, although embracing cyber technology and obtain considerable advantages from it, the Canadian cyber security strategy does not reflect as a comprehensive strategic framework. This essay argues that the strategy lacks of substantial elements to deal with a wide range of cyber threats in today’s modern world. For this reasonRead MoreFramework For Modelling Cyber Insurance Market Essay969 Words   |  4 PagesFigure 2.3 : Framework for modelling cyber-insurance market Through this framework, it can be observed that this framework is more technical that the aforementioned framework. This framework shows how risk are being transferred from the environment to the agents and finally, to the insurer. This model encompasses two natural components, that correspond to the demand from the agents and supply from the insurers. The network environment is controlled by nodes and utility and risk are exchanged

Immunology - 666 Words

INNATE AND ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY: Compare and Contrast the Biological Processes Underlying Innate and Adaptive Immunity By (name) Course: Instructor: University: City/State: Date Compare and Contrast the Biological Processes Underlying Innate and Adaptive Immunity In the biology Immunology field, immunity is defined as the balanced state of a living organism for instance, the human body having sufficient biological defenses to combat infection, illness, or other unwanted biological incursion, while having acceptable tolerance to avoid contamination and allergies (Sompayrac, 2012, p.5). The immune system is a group of cells, nerves, and molecules that defend the body from many pathogenic microorganisms and contaminants in the environment.†¦show more content†¦For instance, the adaptive immune classification is organized around a binary class of cells, namely the T and B cells, whereas the cells of the innate immune classification are considerably more in number, comprising natural killer cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages (Pulendran, Katsikis, amp; Schoenberger, 2011, p. 12). Further differences can be seen from the immune system receptors. The receptors of innate classification cells are completely germline encoded, in other words, their structure is controlled by the genome of the cell and has a permanent genetically determined specificity. On the other hand, adaptive immune classification cells have semantically engendered variable-region receptors such as the TCR and BCR, which are T, and B cell receptors with variable specificities, fashioned by a complex procedure of gene segment reorganization within the cell (Pulendran, Katsikis, amp;Schoenberger, 2011, p. 13). Additionally, another difference is on a population level. Various studies such as ‘the conceptual framework for innate immunity’ highlight that innate immune classification cells have a non-clonal distribution of receptors, suggesting that all cells of an identical sort and have receptors with matching specificities. However, receptors on adaptive immune classification cells are dispersed clonally in a pattern that are suppurations of a specific cloneShow MoreRelatedGinger As A Known As Ginger Essay1017 Words   |  5 Pagesfrom disease. During certain moments, the immune system can be overworked contributing to negative health outcomes. Ginger scientifically has been found to enhance the functions of the immune system (http://www.live). In 2016, Fish Shellfish Immunology evaluated the effects of Zingiber officinale of growth and immune performances of Labeo rohita. Labeo rohita is a freshwater carp that comprises one of the three major species of 70% of Indian aquac ulture. Due to the intensive aquaculture, the environmentRead MoreAre Autoimmune Diseases Killing You?803 Words   |  4 Pages than treating the symptoms after the damage has been done. By Lachlan Racz ASCIA (Australasian Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy). (2010). Autoimmune Diseases.Available: http://www.allergy.org.au/images/stories/aer/infobulletins/2010pdf/AER_Autoimmune_Diseases.pdf. Last accessed 25 May 2015. Allergy and Immunology Foundation of Australasia. (2015). ASCIA Allergy and Immune Diseases in Australia (AIDA) Report. 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The words: thymus, individual specificity, receptor, naà ¯ve T cells, memory T cells, CD28, activation and survival. Are all immunology specific terms that need a bit more explanation than what was given in the articleRead MoreThe Effects Of Optimism On Cancer Survival Rate926 Words   |  4 Pagesassociated with immune response and cancer prognosis, while perceived satisfaction of social support was not associated immune response. Given that immunology mediate the relationship between optimism and cancer survival rate, it is possible that the inconsistent results of the previous studies might be accounted by mechanisms related to immunology. One possible explanation might be that previous studies looked at different types of cancer, while some type of cancer such as metastatic melanoma isRead MoreImmunological Theory of Aging Essay748 Words   |  3 Pagesbiologists were in a stalemate of debates focused on aging in respect to their individual fields. In the same period, a cytokine that was found to have promoted T-cell proliferation within cellular culture was discovered, promoting a flourish of immunology papers announcing the discovery of proof that the â€Å"unlimited growth of normal human T-cells† existed and directly countered the biologists’ Hayflick limit programmed aging theory (Effros, 2005). However, intrigued by the constant conflict of theseRead MoreDynamic Disease Of The Urinary Expression : A Case Study760 Words   |  4 Pagesdemonstrate later or past contamination with a specific microorganism (Morello, et al., 2013, p. 297). This is the basic premise of serological testing, or the sero diagnosis of irresistible illness (Morello, et al., 2013, p. 297). The branch of immunology that particularly manages such testing is called serology (Morello, et al., 2013, p. 297). The tests performed in the serology research facility not just distinguish the nearness of IgM or potentially IgG antibodies in serum, yet by and large, canRead MoreWhat Are Allergies? The Immune System Of An Allergic Person?887 Words   |  4 Pagesareas. It is possible that exposure to cockroach infested buildings is one of the main causes of the highest rates of asthma among children living in large urban centers. The most common food allergens The American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology estimates that up to 2 million American children, or 8% of all US children suffer from food allergies, and those eight foods that are guilty of most childhood food allergies: eggs, fish, milk, peanuts, shellfish, soy, tree nuts and wheat. SymptomsRead MoreRoutes Of Immunization And Effects Of Antigen Dose1248 Words   |  5 Pagesmolecule is now in the stationary phase and can be released through a series of washings. http://www.pha.jhu.edu/~ghzheng/old/webct/note1_5.files/F03-43C.jpg 5. Equilibrium Dialysis: Measurement of antibody, affinity, and avidity Used in immunology, equilibrium dialysis is a method for measuring free and bound hapten. This technique is used to determine the association constants of hapten-antibody interactions in a system where the hapten and antibody solutions are separated into compartmentsRead MoreThe Story Of The Search Essay1489 Words   |  6 Pagesprovide are to draw customers in to help sell their products. Whether my instincts were correct or not, I played it safe and stuck with medical specialist websites. Some of the websites I visited were from the College of Allergies, Asthma and Immunology (ACAAI), LiveScience, Bryn Mawr College, Health Line and more. Before I started collecting information, I always checked for an author who had a medical background or experience, a list of credible sources, and if it was reviewed by other medical

Constitutional Limitations on Sovereignty

Question: Describe about the Constitutional Limitations on Sovereignty? Answer: Introduction This video clip is about the violation of sovereignty and invention. The speaker in this video clip is an professor who is helping his student in preparing her dissertation paper on the violation of sovereignty and the intervention. Video 1 Professor: We are taking about the paper that is basically a little trivial. And you must go further and this sound like that it is a big enough task as it is directorate reading is for reading. So, if done the basis for sovereignty and intervention understanding the major gap in your reading which I will soon to include on sovereignty of a lot of historical fragrance which I cannot have to read for a PhD dissertation ()and the same thing is for intervention.() And the way the intervention is a curse. And it looks a lot scope on political science of purchase. But at the moment we not sure what you can do in the long run. But in the short run you cannot do the summary on political science of purchase and a law of purchase. Now in that even there a major gap . I am terrifying that the most important two topics you have not read. Particularly subject wise and majorly author wise and also those in the the footnotes and endnotes. Because this are going to be kind of your reference for fut ure. This is what you master, this is what your mains to be read, and your paper will be a study guide for your class and also for your future and lots of roadmap. The places you can go and the places you must go. So. Footnote turns for you omportant., for me and for anyone who come here. You would make two topics. These two topics will be your road map.In these two topics with two other topics. One wo political science and the other is sovereignty violence particularly territorial violence. You can also decide on the non territorial sovereignty violation. And If it is non territorial then its of 50 types. You can go to territorial case study like the South Korea, China conflict (Power, 2014). The next topic is case study on non territorial sovereignty. Try to make a political comparison between China and Japan. Japan has experienced an economic crisis and also demographic crisis in the year 1990.He explained that before 1990 though Japan was experiencing high growth rate but due to demographic crisis lead to the economic crisis. There were too many old people at that time in Japan. It is found from the empirical data that both in Japan and Korea growth in labor is high. But these labors had so many kids and almost in every family the proportion of old people was high. This was the main reason behind the demographic crisis and also economic crisis that occurred in Japan and Korea at that time. He said that, United State had also experienced the same problem at that time. Japan had economic problem but they dont need any war. Chinese economy also had experienced some economic crisis. But at that time communist party of China had been experiencing some transitional problem a nd to resolve that they need to call war in order to unified the community. It is a liberal domestic politics. Chinese govt. needed this war to move to become original hegemony. They also give this hegemony over the South East Asia. It was expected that, due to this the Chinese economy would fall by 10%. But from the empirical evidence it can be observed that it fell only by 4% The U.A.E case as an example of non territorial sovereignty violation the cyber attack as as a cause of these types of violation. There are liberal theory to compare different nation politically. Please look at different journal article published by different international organization last 20 years and pick out article on the topic bilateralism and liberalism. Please look at the textbook first if you are confused about these topics. Please go through the chapter 6, 7, 8,9,11. Look at also the footnotes of the chapters. I also have my own copy. The chapters mentioned are very good sources for learning liberal ism and the about the territorial sovereignty. I do not say much about intervention. The territorial sovereignty is the main idea here. I do not say about anything about intervention because this is a specific subject. Now I would go for first four article of the journal of international organization. Do not go for more. Just look at the discussion about international theory, international need, and international hint. These are helpful in understanding intervention response. Please see article 2 paragraph 4. Now I will start the discussion about non-territorial invention. In the mean time, you can read about expecism, classical realism, classical intervention, constuctism, rational choice. In your summer vacation, you can spend time on the summarization of these topics. You can get books on this from the university presses, emirates university library. Books in university presses are very expensive. It sometime costs 100 dollars. You can check the journal on internal relationship, International topic, and different European journal on the same topic. You can make a dissertation on these topics in the summer. You can also make self-hypothesis on these subjects not necessary in the summer but on some other time. First take your own country as an example and then you can take other countries as case study to discuss violation of territorial sovereignty. Your main task will be to analyst the three main paradigms. Prof.Cane can help you in this task to you (Prokhovnik, 2013). Person 2: .I wants to work on International relation and American policies. Professor: You have to work with three measures or with three categories. Person 2: No, there are actually five categories. Professor: Then you have to take my carb class. Have you take any comparison? Person 2: I have taken only one comparative policy. Person 2: I think that IR is not that much related to the American policy. Anyway, what you can do is solely up to you. There is so much topic regarding American govt. You can work with rather liberalism in American Economy. Are you coming tomorrow on 3.30? Actually, my mentor was in China. Professor: No, I will come on Tuesday. Person 2: My mentor has told that there is much interested area to be analyzed in both IR and American Policy. Professor: Ok. Do your analysis according to your mentors instruction. You can also works with the law of purchase. Person 2: Yes, I have included that topic in my analysis. Professor: Ok guys, we are taking about the long-term effect of the law of purchase. I want to tell something. If you want to pursue PhD then you must read from the day one. I know no one does that. You also must read relevant article on the American policy. You also have summarized the literature. You have to write on the digital violence, hacks done by Chinese people. What U.S government is doing to prevent this hacking? You can also mention the work done by 25 U.S agencies situated in Washington against this hacking. Forex will be the focus. What did you feel about moving from one place to another place? Person: How can I get into America? Professor: You have to make green card first as the first stepping. Person: I also want to ask about dieses. Professor: Are you taking about dissertation. Person: No, I am taking about disease. Professor: Ok, I understand. Professor: This is completely different topic. We are taking about domestic violence. You can check websites of the WHO. Professor: Now will discuss about the difference between cooperative Vs. Non cooperative responses. These are based on expectation and so forth. You can also do comparison between cooperative responses and self help responses. You can also state about cooperation on non state activity. You could do case study on the digital attack and digital cooperation. You can try also international Trade, WTO trade law, domestic institutional mechanism like American Trade code etc. Ok, I will upload all this discussion on the net. Do you have any question more? Person: Do I need to include any other topic in my analysis? Professor: No, I think this is enough. Video 2 Professor: We are looking at sovereignty Person: I mainly focused on classical sovereignty. Professor: I am thinking about a plan on your directive reading and read more articles on invention rather than sovereignty Person: Yes. Professor: Do you have a preference? Person: I dont have Professor: so when we are looking at sovereignty if you accept the technology of four different categories if you look at the classical sovereignty from the viewpoint almost everything is a violation for this sovereignty. Whereas recent conceptualization moved towards either a voluntary of concession of sovereignty by state and therefore technically there is no violation of concession .This one category. Second is internationalization of issues which city council operates and another form of treaties of voluntarily sovereignty is done through multi lateral processes as opposed to bilateral agreements . There are different notion whether sovereignty is being violated or not. The concept innovation concerns illegal or violating norms. The definition from the legal point of view can be narrowly consolidated as the Australian doctrine or could be some other conceptualization. Crasner notion of sovereignty can be referred actual form of penetration into the critical process of the country without necessarily violating the national law and order. They do sometimes violate other norms and not legal norms. Therefore lead to disputes and this dispute can be classified as violating legal norms, violating regime norms or violating understanding on adhoc basis or violating bilateral or multilateral norms. Then the dispute are curbing because the norms are unclear. The resulting from the new situation in which there is new technology, new resources and therefore the norm has changed because the circumstances have changed. Sometimes that kind of dispute follows legal discourse and categorizization. The situation would be the mixture of legal and non legal dispute. So, with that kind of overview which you want to study is you can assign each of these categories. I mentioned some of the author along the way. The treaty before 1651 and after 1651 both talk about the norms of the violation of sovereignty. Peace, promotion, sovereignty and intervention is huge. You might found a lot of empirical discussion about sovereignty. For example, a lot of discussion on female sovereignty which fits into the situation of internationalization. Because of trety, there is costly universal and hence by the state and or human existence which I never saw. Therefore applying to some extent, as a subject of violation of state sovereignty even though I never was talking about this violation. And the maximum invention actually forcibly either results of security cancellation, sanction. With this security cancellation equalizing the forcibly invention protecting rights. On the one hand most limited form of human rights is just evaluation and the maximum authorization norm to take to change the govt. The sovereignty is poor. We have natural resource despite of territorial dispute and we often have sovereignty base disputes. Various institutions try to resolve peacefully through legally regulated process like irrigation, mediation, arbitration, consolidation, bilateral and multil ateral processes. So then you have a kind of pedicle science. Most of I discussed concerns international war. You could do some combination asking a question about what is the other form of the international sovereignty dispute using lying on regime or lying on corporation. Conflicts can be resolved from this particular way. There may emerge another conflict because the regulation cannot be applied. Territorial sovereignty is a biggest norm. So in some scene the mapping or overview of the big picture which is really very clear on having govern globally through incorporation ,war of some adhoc basis for example climate change which cannot be regulated. References Power, G. (2014). Constitutional Limitations on Sovereignty, 2014 edition. DigitalCommons@UM Carey Law. Prokhovnik, R. (2013). From Sovereignty in Australia to Australian Sovereignty. Political Studies, 63(2), pp.412-430.

Legalizing Marijuana Essays (1649 words) - Neurochemistry, Cannabis

Legalizing Marijuana To the AIDS or cancer patient, it is the plant that fights nausea and appetite loss. To the nutritionist, its seed is second only to the soybean in nutritional value, and is a source of cooking oil and vitamins. To the paper or cloth manufacturer, it is the plant that provided much of our paper and clothing for hundreds of years and produces four times more fiber per acre than trees. To the environmentalist, it is the plant that could greatly slow deforestation, restore robbed nutrients by other crops, and help prevent erosion. And according to Lonnelle Aikman, "Preliminary findings show the drug may prove effective against glaucoma and asthma, and control such side nausea in cancer treatment" (158). Unfortunately, to most people in this country, it is a useless plant when it comes to economic or medical value. Marijuana should be legalized in the United States. In technical terms, hemp, cannabis, or for the average American, marijuana, it is used only for recre! ational purposes. I think marijuana is a plant that could save the world. In this paper I hope to reverse prejudices, relieve ignorance, and inform people of the known and potential therapeutic uses of this remarkable plant. As of today the nation stands behind three basic ideas of what to do with marijuana; legalize marijuana, make it legal only as a prescription drug, or keep it as it is, illegal. People who are pro-marijuana, argue that marijuana is considerably less harmful than tobacco and alcohol, the most frequently used legal drugs. Furthermore marijuana has never directly caused anyone's death. People who side with the legalization of marijuana for medical purposes believe that the ends justify the means. But the people who want to keep it illegal think that the medical uses do not outweigh the harmful side effects. Before deciding whether marijuana should be legal or illegal, one needs to know some basic facts. Lester Grinspoon, M.D. and James B. Bakalar note "most botanists agree that there are three species of marijuana; Cannabis sativa, the most widespread of the three, is tall, gangly, and loosely branched, growing as high as twenty feet; Cannabis indica is shorter, about three or four feet in height, pyramidal in shape and densely branched; Cannabis ruderalis is about two feet high with few or no branches" (1). They also say that "Cannabis has become one of the most widespread and diversified of plants. It grows as weed and cultivated plant all over the world in a variety of climates and soils" (1). Marijuana was first cultivated in China around 4000 B.C. It was mainly used as a sedative and analgesic, but today it is commonly used for the "high" or the euphoric feeling it causes. The most active ingredient in marijuana is delta-9-tetrahydrocannibinal commonly referred to a! s THC, which wasn't discovered until the 1960s. Marijuana is illegal today because of the Marijuana Stamp Tax Act passed in 1937. This act prohibited the use, sale, and growing of marijuana. It was made illegal because no one understood why smoking marijuana made people feel the way they did, and because it was associated with Indians and other so called "immoral people." Today marijuana is illegal because research has shown some intoxicating effects. Such as hallucination, anxiety, depression, extreme variability of mood, paranoia and schizophrenia lasting up to six hours. Raphael Mechoulam says, "Although cannabis causes initial restlessness, excitement, and sometimes boisterous, impulsive behavior, pacing and dancing, the main picture is of reduced physical activity apart from speech" (316). Physical effects include reddening of the eyes, dryness of the mouth and throat, a moderate increase in heart rate, tightness in the chest, drowsiness, unsteadiness, and uncoordinated muscular contractions. Marijuana buffers ! the central nervous system, but is not known to produce a considerable amount of tar in the lungs. Although marijuana has not been proven to be physically addictive, its use can be psychologically addictive. These are the negative effects of marijuana, and the primary reasons why domestic people, doctors, and politicians want to keep marijuana illegal. Supporters of legalizing marijuana state that some legal drugs are just as bad. For example, alcohol has many of the same side effects of marijuana. Alcohol

Gun Control Essays (995 words) - Gun Politics In The United States

Gun Control Essays (995 words) - Gun Politics In The United States Gun Control Americans are faced with an ever-growing problem of violence. Our streets have become a battleground where the elderly are beaten for their social security checks, where terrified women are viciously attacked and raped. Each day teenage gangsters shoot it out for a patch of turf to sell their illegal drugs, and where innocent children are caught daily in the crossfire of drive-by shootings. We cannot ignore the damage that these criminals are doing to our society, and we must take actions to stop these horrors. However, the efforts by some misguided individuals to eliminate the legal ownership of firearms does not address the real problem at hand, and simply disarms the innocent law-abiding citizens who are most in need of a form of self-defense. To fully understand the reasons behind the gun control efforts, we must look at the history of our country, and the role firearms have played in it. The second amendment to the Constitution of the United States makes firearm ownership legal in this country. There were good reasons for this freedom, reasons which persist today. Firearms in the new world were used initially for hunting, and occasionally for self-defense. However, when the colonist felt that the burden of British oppression was too much for them to bear, they picked up their personal firearms and went to war. Standing against the British armies, these rebels found themselves opposed by the greatest military force in the world at that time. The founding fathers of the country understood that an armed populace aided in fighting off oppression. They made the right to keep and bear arms a constitutionally guaranteed right. Thomas Jefferson said in the draft of the Virginia Constitution No man shall ever be debarred the use of arms(n. pag.). To day Congress, claiming that they want to take guns out of the hands of criminals, have worked to pass legislation that would take the guns out of the hands of law-abiding citizens instead. The question is the efforts of gun control do not address the real problem of crime. Therefore, if we pass laws restricting ownership of firearms, which category of people does it affect? The simple answer is that gun control laws affect law- abiding citizens only. Criminals will continue to violate these new laws, they will continue to carry their firearms, and they will find their efforts at crime much easier when they know that their victims will be unarmed. An unarmed man stands little chance against an armed one. In many states, including Florida and Texas, citizens have stated that they want to preserve their right to carry firearms for self- defense. Since the late 1980's, Florida has been issuing concealed weapons permits to law-abiding citizens, and these citizens have been carrying their firearms to defend themselves from rampant crime. The result is that the incidence of violent crime has actually dropped in contrast to the national average. Previously, Florida had been leading the nation in this category, and the citizens of that state have welcomed the change (Florida State Firearm Laws n. pag.). Gun control advocates tried to claim that there would be bloodshed in the streets when these citizens were given the right to carry. They tried to claim that the cities of Florida would become like Dodge City with shootouts on every street corner, and duels over simple disagreements. These gun control advocates were wrong. More than 200,000 concealed carry permits have been issued so far, with only 36 of these permits revoked for improper use of a firearm (Facts You Can Use n.pag.). This statistic is easy to understand. It is the law-abiding citizens who are going through the process of getting concealed carry permits so that they may legally carry a firearm. The people who go through this legal process do not want to break the law, and they do not intend to break the law. The people who do intend to break the law will carry their guns whether or not the law allows them to do so. Today, criminals often carry illegal weapons, including sawed-off shotguns, machine guns, and homemade zip-guns, clearly showing their disregard for the current laws which make these items illegal. When they are caught, the courts regularly dismiss

Person-Centred Therapy Essay Essays

Person-Centred Therapy Essay Essays Person-Centred Therapy Essay Essay Person-Centred Therapy Essay Essay Essay Topic: Rogerian Person-centred therapy ( besides referred to as Rogerian Psychology ) is the psychological method founded by the humanistic psychologist Carl Rogers. It is centred on the thought that the person has tremendous potency for understanding themselves and hence is best placed in the resolution of their ain issues without any direct ejaculations from the healer. Hence the therapy revolves around the person as the booster and designer of their ain ego alteration ( Corey. 2009 ) . So it would be pertinent to state that one`s ego construct is of great accent in this therapy and therefore is defined as the personal perceptual experiences one believes about themselves ( Rogers. 2003 ) . The therapy furthermore provinces that all of us have the capacity for growing towards fulfillment of our life`s wants and aspirations. That being said. it is of extreme importance that the healer provides a comfy menace free environment for the person. as to take down their guard. to do it easier for them to tr uly accept who they are as effectual personal growing occurs through minimised defensiveness ( Mearns A ; Thorne. 2007 ) . If the aforesaid life aspirations. potencies and fulfillments are so reached this is referred to as self realization and it is the strong belief of this therapy that this inclination is the one indispensable motivation driving all of us. If this inclination is promoted and helped along. the individual will boom and develop and get down populating what they term â€Å"the good life† . * Behavioural Therapies* Psychoanalytical and Psychodynamic Therapies* Humanistic TherapiesPerson Centred guidance was based around three nucleus conditions. devised by Rogers ;1. Unconditional Positive Regard2. Genuineness/Congruence3. Empathy It is considered indispensable for all counselors to expose these properties and to systematically supply these to each client irrespective of circumstance. The Person Centred attack views the client as their ain best authorization on their ain experience. and it views the client as being to the full capable of carry throughing their ain potency for growing. It recognizes. nevertheless. that accomplishing possible requires favorable conditions and that under inauspicious conditions. persons may good non turn and develop in the ways that they otherwise could. In peculiar. when persons are denied credence and positive respect from others. or when that positive respect is made conditional upon the single behaving in peculiar ways they may get down to lose touch with what their ain experience agencies for them. and their innate inclination to turn in a way consistent with that significance may be stifled. This does offer a alone position for both client and healer to let an unlocking of the client’s echt ego. The premiss of this theory is that human existences are innately good and given free chance they will endeavor for goodness. further reaffirming the nucleus conditions. If we believe that worlds are good. we should ever be able to provide unconditioned positive respect. congruity and empathy. The function that theory dramas in the procedure and result of guidance has been a topic of treatment. for about every bit long as guidance has been a profession. While schools of therapy have argued that different theories produce differing and nonequivalent results. this place has been challenged on legion occasions. Fiedler ( 1951 ) foremost observed that healers of differing orientations were really similar in their positions of the â€Å"ideal therapy. † Then Sundland and Barker ( 1962 ) reported that more experient healers tended to be more similar. regardless of their theoretical orientation. In their extended reappraisal of the topic. Gelso and Carter ( 1985 ) stated that â€Å"m ost clients will gain about every bit ( but in different ways ) from the different therapies† . They go on to propose that the consequence of procedure and relationship do differ among therapies and that some clients may make better with one attack than with another. based upon these two factors. Finally. Stiles. Shapiro and Elliott ( 1986 ) concluded that â€Å" ( a ) common characteristics shared by all psychotherapeuticss underlie or override differences in therapists’ verbal techniques and ( B ) these common characteristics are responsible for the general equality in effectivity ( of therapies ) † . Process and relationship possibly considered every bit relevant as theoretical conceptualization of a given job. One can presume that a guidance procedure must be structured for each client irrespective of what theory you adhere to. The work of Rogers does make this by utilizing the nucleus conditions. nevertheless ; arguably less so than other theories due to a deficiency of distinguishable ‘techniques’ . Hough et al lend the following for a successfu l guidance relationship to happen ; 1. Establish a safe. swearing environment – as outlined by Carl Rogers making a relationship with the client which is in line with the nucleus conditions. 2. Clarify: Help the individual put their concern into words. As the individual centred attack maintains this is how a client would be assisted by being preponderantly speaking and the counselor largely listening. 3. Use Active hearing: happen out the client’s docket. what do they trust to accomplish by coming for reding. a ) Paraphrase. summarise. reflect and construe – To guarantee that there is a greater apprehension of what the client is seeking to state. B ) Focus on feelings. non events – guidance is covering with emotional and mental wellness. so it is of import to unravel the feelings instead than to plane over them. like a layman would make. 4. Transform job statements into end statements – allow the client to picture a program towards achieving their end. 5. Explore possible attacks to end. to narrow and consider their picks. 6. Help individual take one manner towards their end which is executable. 7. Make a contract to carry through the program ( or to take the following measure ) . 8. Summarize what has occurred. clarify. and acquire confirmation from the client that this is still their end. 9. Get feedback and verification that the end remains as earlie r. Ultimately as with all the Counselling paradigms it is cardinal to enable the client to derive control of their ain life and make their ain decisions. The chief paradigms underpin the procedures of reding normally. nevertheless ; the lesser known theoretical accounts are besides used. If this can be agreed upon. this might propose that the Person centred attack does carry through the demands of a healer when naming a job and making a program where they are guided but the content is filled by the client. The Person Centred attack besides gave rise to the construct of ‘The Organismic Self’ ; a province which is considered to genuinely be integral for a short infinite of clip. in basic footings this is a form of our pure selves. being precisely as we are without external influence. This theory tracks our human experience and maintains that this shortly becomes corrupted by what is called the ‘Self Concept’ . Self Concept is the term given to explicate outside influences on the Organismic Self. It could be said that the conflict between who we genuinely are as people and what the universe and important people around us feel we should be is what causes us to experience lost. If we think of the Organismic Self as being at one with ourselves and experiencing that who we are. what we do and our general feeling of interior harmoniousness as being comfy. the opposite is true of the Self Concept. this is by and large a feeling of clumsiness. feeling lost. unreal and can ensue in ulterior life as a crisis. Humanist attacks in general are concerned with subjects which are meaningful to human existences which makes it particularly good as a theory for reding. Humanist attacks are besides considerate of subjective experience and unpredictable events which occur in human lives. Does this so suggest that the Person centred attack is flexible and allows the healer to turn to all affairs which may originate instead than. relatively utilizing a CBT ( Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ) attack which focusses entirely on the present. As a complex of the Person centred attack and general Humanistic theories. it is of import to admit the construct of ‘Self Actualisation’ . The phrase was foremost coined by Kurt Goldstein. but is possibly better known as associated with Abraham Maslow and his Hierarchy Of Needs and is defined as below ; â€Å"†¦ . the desire for self-realization. viz. the inclination for him [ the single ] to go actualised in what he is potentially. This inclination might be phrased as the desire to go more and more what one is. to go everything that one is capable of going. † In mention to his Hierarchy of Needs theory. Maslow advised that merely 1 % of all people are self-actualised which would deduce the demand for reding aid to be great. As mentioned above the flexibleness of this attack may be deemed to let healers to handle a huge figure of clients. as the turning demand for reding emerges. The non-intrusive nature of the therapy a the comparatively comfy set-up of the guidance Sessionss within the Person Centred attack highlights how easy it is to use this attack practically. We surely know of the efficaciousness of the Person Centred attack. in its comtinued usage in modern twenty-four hours therapy. nevertheless ; we must see the strengths of other presently used attacks to exemplify where the Person Centred attack could better. I have chosen to utilize the Psychodynamic attack to research this. One of the strengths of the Psychodynamic Approach is that it provided a valuable penetration into how early experiences or relationships can impact our grownup personality. One of the illustrations of this is that arrested developments can be caused at the Oral Stage of psychosexual development such as being separated from the primary health professional excessively early. These arrested developments can so take to psychological jobs. Supporting grounds for this strength was carried out by Jacobs at Al ( 1966 ) utilizing Rorschach inkblots to compare the orality of tobacco users and non-smokers. It was found that tobacco users emerged as being significantly more unwritten. Another strength of the Psychodynamic Approach is that it is the first attack to seek and try to explicate mental unwellness in psychological footings and has had an tremendous influence on the apprehension and intervention of mental upsets. An illustration of this is Psychoanalysis and Dream Therapy which aims to do the unconscious stuff witting so it is easier to cover with as Freud believed that dreams showed our concealed desires. Evidence to back up this was carried out by Sandell ( 1999 ) who studied the symptoms of more than 700 patients before and after three old ages of depth psychology and found that patients had significantly fewer symptoms after the therapy. The Psychodynamic Approach besides displays failings. in that most of Freud’s is based on findings of instance surveies. and anecdotal mentions where instances are frequently alone and there are jobs with generalization. Like the Psychodynamic Approach. the Person Centred attack does non disregard the importance of historical and childhood events. This is highlignhted in their subtheory ‘Conditions of worth’ which are defined as ‘restrictions imposed on self-expression in order to gain positive regard’ . which are non in and of themselves a bad thing. nevertheless ; it is possible for these conditions to be overused that they can get down to be a job. For illustration a kid will seek to fulfill the status of worth imposed by their parents ; without gaining. parents may make more complex conditions for deriving their attending. As kids grow they learn a new set of regulations for deriving attending. the best forecaster of effect for behaviour is past experience. As such a kid may larn that to have congratulations from their Father is to acquire good consequences at school or fall in the football squad. From another position. a kid may larn that they get more attending when th ey fail at something or are experiencing sad. as opposed to when they are successful and happy. They may besides happen that they are surrounded by more friends. more frequently when they behave in a peculiar manner or indulge in peculiar activities that are ‘acceptable’ . By the clip an single reaches their teenage old ages. most people have a complex system of regulations to stay by if we want to have love. congratulations and positive respect from others. Slowly this system of conditions of worth works its manner into a person’s overall manner of sing the universe they live in. They adopt these conditions as their ain values. barricading out the true organismal values that comprise who they truly are. As their existent ego is blocked out by this adoptive system of values. incongruence consequences. The regulations for love and positive respect lead them to populate a different life. a life incongruent with who they truly are. a life that does non fulfill all their other demands and tragically. frequently doesn’t even genuinely satisfy their demand for positive respect. Due to this. people can go unhappy. dying and down. but frequently they merely try to revise and alter the conditions they are utilizing for positive respect. They may alter their veneer. but non the root of the job. They merely shift the contents of their complex system of worth instead than paring it back and exposing their existent. true values. It’s this latter province that Person Centred therapy seeks to make. leting the counselor to merely seek to take any conditions of worth from their relationship with the client. They offer merely unconditioned positive respect. This creates an environment in which a little cleft is placed in the person’s overarching system of conditional worth. In such an environment the individual can get down to admit and understand what it is they genuinely want and need. These values are ever seeking to be heard. but are blocked out by our complex set of concepts we use to seek to derive conditional positive respect. Person centred therapy merely creates a topographic point where this system is pushed back. and one’s true values can emerge. A individual is so free to see who he is and what he wants. without the menace of a loss of positive respect. No affair what is said. he can anticipate unconditioned respect. Overall this subtheory shows a consistence throughout the Person Centred attack. binding the chief premiss of the nucleus conditions to the manner in which each client is treated. To reason my appraisal of the utility and effectivity of the Person Centred Therapy. I hope to hold demonstrated my current degree of understanding sing this topic and illustrated how it can be used practically. It is clear that the current and uninterrupted widespread usage of the Person-Centred attack attests for its effectivity in pattern. It is good and justified to ever concentrate on the client and their journey through whatever jobs they are confronting and this peculiar attack maintains the healer in making so. I believe that the most effectual method of handling patients is that adopted by Chrysalis. a multidiscipline attack. whereby one can amend the tool used based upon the presented job. MentionsWeb sites ;hypertext transfer protocol: //www. bapca. org. uk/hypertext transfer protocol: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Person-centered_therapyhypertext transfer protocol: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Self-actualizationhypertext transfer protocol: //wiki. replies. com/Q/What_is_organismic_selfhypertext transfer protocol: //www. person-centered-therapy. com/conditions-of-worth/Texts ;Edward L. Deci. Richard M. Ryan ( 1985 ) Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behaviour ; Springer Publishing.

Learning Journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Learning Journal - Essay Example † Also, the paper will reflect on the project, world of different project, and how it relate to the topics learnt in the course of non profit organization and non government organization. This paper will also give insight on how the world of difference project supported by Vodafone foundation has benefited the local communities. As reported by the Ghana News Agency on 10 November, 2011, the world of difference project spearheaded by the Vodafone Foundation is yet again seeing the light of the day. The project was designed in the year 2010 with an aim of â€Å"positively impacting the lives of less privileged communities and individuals by leveraging on individual and corporate philanthropy.† Non government organization and professionals have been in the forefront of realizing the dreams and spirit of the project. This year, the project received 500 applications of which 50 applicants were successful and have been inducted. The project involves professionals, intellectuals and expert who normally are attached to work in non government organization for a period of two months and given a monthly allowance of between â€Å"GH ¢ 1,000 to GH ¢ 2,000.† According to the Ghana News Agency, the project has greatly benefitted the community. Looking at the driving forces for the development of the world of difference project and the design of the world of difference project implemented by Vodafone Foundation, it resonates and relates well with the aspects learnt in the course, non government organization and non profit organization. In the above article by the Ghana News Agency, it is implied that most non profit organization and non government organization are dependent on donor funding which include: grants, government contribution, corporate institution support and individual donation. Getting funding is always a great challenge. In case an organization secures funding, many conditions are always attached to it with fund utilization limited to budget lines. Also the