to thine own self be true: The Conflict between Son and Self in Hamlet :: Shakespeare, Hamlet

to thine own self be valid: The Conflict among Son and Self in Hamlet   â â A name is a significant part of an individual. It assists with characterizing who that individual is and what is critical to that individual. In William Shakespeare's Hamlet, the utilization of similar names for fathers and children makes a situation that isn't effectively survived. Laertes doesn't have a similar name as his dad, yet he is constrained by his dad no different. In addition to the fact that this rules apply to characters in the play, yet additionally to the play itself. Shakespeare's Hamlet was gone before by Thomas Kyd's play Ur-Hamlet and Shakespeare needed to make a solid effort to separate his play from the first. Hamlet, the Prince of Denmark, shares his name with his dad, Hamlet, the previous King of Denmark. This sharing of names obscures the character of the Prince with the King. Since the King goes before the Prince, he can build up his own particular character. He is a goodly lord (1.2.186), a respectable, daring, and confident man. Therefore it falls on Hamlet, the Prince of Denmark, to characterize himself past the bounds of his dad's name. Abraham Fraunce proposes the meaning of somebody comprises of two sections, the generall and the difference†¦ A man is a reasonable animal endued with reason, where reasonable animal is the generall, and endued with reason is the distinction (Qtd. in Calderwood 10). Hamlet is hereditarily identified with his dad similar to all children to their dads. In any case, Hamlet is significantly more firmly related because of their basic name. Hamlet additionally acquires the demonstration of obedient commitment when the phantom returns and requests ret ribution for his homicide. At the point when he pledges to vindicate his dad's demise, he is promising to give up his own personality and to join with his dad not simply in name however in actional reality (Calderwood 10). Hamlet receives his dad's motivation to make his dad's adversary his own foe, to expect his dad's thought processes, objectives, and agonies is to embrace his dad's personality (Calderwood 10). Before the phantom's appearance Hamlet is starting to characterize himself as a unique individual rather than as the child of his dad. He has been away at school manufacturing his own way throughout everyday life. At the point when his dad's phantom requests him to get payback on Claudius, Hamlet battles attempting to choose if he will play the job of child and mix with his dad or to turn into oneself and breakaway from his dad.

Contribution of Effective Leadership Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Examine about the Contribution of Effective Leadership. Answer: Test investigation Enormous five character test is an evaluative procedure of five significant components of character like Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism (OCEAN). My score in Openness is 85% and that decides I have an imaginative brain that works for the improvement of new measurement in workmanship. The creative musings are proactive in me and my scholarly outlook encourages me to identify with ideas and make uncommon thoughts. My score in Conscientiousness is additionally high. It brought about 81% and that is simply the explanation, I have enough order and I have fixed my objective to accomplish. I am extremely my idealistic individual and attempt to accomplish my work under any conditions. Precise mindset and persevering capacities are my distinction and these characteristics help me to set a significant level of keeping up my inclination. A touch of moderate circumstance has come up if there should arise an occurrence of Extraversion and I am very concurring with that. I have scored 48% in this portion as I don't love to approach as the maker of that occasion. I love to stow away and have no avarice to feel acclaimed by the watchers. The force, details or winning an honor isn't troubled for me; rather a decent nature of word is significant for my level or singularity. If there should arise an occurrence of Agreeableness, I have scored 67% which is a moderate score. I am reasonable if there should be an occurrence of sympathy and dealing with individuals and furthermore keep up an offset with my own advantage and enthusiasm with others. I am not threatening or enemy but rather not ready to forfeit such huge things for other people. Possibly I need some improvement over that yet the greater part of the cases trust and relationship will be developed through this procedure. The last factor is my content is the area of Neuroticism and I have scored 31% on this content. The low score proclaims negative feelings are not affected by my choices and I very loose in a crisis circumstance. The outcome additionally positioned a trademark in my hopeful nature and I have a strong confidence and uplifting standpoint that reflected in low scores. Individuals lows in these segments are commonly cheerful and that is the explanation, I am not discouraged in any circumstance fairly anxious to back with the band for better results. Expert and Personal experience If there should be an occurrence of individual and expert experience, I am completely depending on Openness and Conscientiousness. These two components are empowering better dynamic if there should arise an occurrence of authority. Conventional positions of authority are not inventive enough to continue in the association rather improved initiative advancements like overseeing strife circumstance, adjusting the representative director relationship, group elements, upgrades of abilities by the preparation and improvement process all these are significant for economical administration hypothesis (Swanson and Frederick 2016). I have discovered that I have an inventive outlook and scholarly nature that some way or another procedure new imaginative thoughts that help in association. High receptiveness likely produces high IQ likewise and as I have a liberal perspective of governmental issues so can without much of a stretch way to deal with me and anticipate a superior answer for the impr ovement of preparing (Pruzan et al. 2017). Then again, I have a nature of discretion and that causes me in the event of authority control case. I have set my destinations all things considered and it reflects in authoritative goals and as I set time for meeting my targets, the equivalent is material to the association too. Commitment of viable administration In the event of acclaimed compelling administration, pioneer part trade hypothesis is significant for dynamic relationship support among pioneers and adherents (Paw?owski 2014). The positive changes that have removed from this sort of initiative and impact association stage in the association. The hypothesis is additionally underscoring on the in bunches relations and overhaul or approve the connection between the group and that makes excellent initiative methodology (Klaus and Fernando 2016). Way promotion lady hypothesis is another essential advance that should be taken by the pioneers with the goal that conduct change will come in the authority style and that procedure help in direction, execution, preparing and the bearing. I have a solid attitude in those choices taking a circumstance and that help me to discover my subordinates that are the correct decision for that activity. Moderation of difficulties and improvement in execution and keeping up great associations with the grou p is a definitive result of powerful administration. Empower powerful followership The as great pioneer is significant for the administration, great workers or adherents are additionally significant for the association with the goal that drawn out crucial destinations can be satisfied in through the co-creation cases (Blakeley 2015). Initiative and co-creation are connected according to the hypothetical convention in authority process however the successful contribution and the dynamic jobs in the association can develop the better relationship and respectable methodology if there should be an occurrence of social field (Syed et al. 2016). The association needs to make proactive voice with the individuals require and convey the methodology that pioneers and supporters are introducing a similar methodology like other, trust and conviction has come in that circumstance and that reflected in the developing circumstance of keeping up social world and their initiative points of view (Joseph 2015). Improve in one quality for better result I think I have to concentrate on the Agreeableness concerning the better administration approach high compassion or taking more consideration of a group is significant and that reflected through the colleagues. In the event that pioneers are not agreeable enough their group execution will drop down as workers are accepting a force connection with pioneers. Trust from workers and courteous nature of pioneers develop the person in question as a decent pioneer where potential intrigue and better representatives managing is the USP of that pioneer (Simon and LaCava 2014). I think I have to take classes for contemplation and need to peruse some blessed books with the goal that social adjust in my perspective will come and more open and giving up nature will come in me and it additionally helps in my initiative disposition. References Blakeley, K., 2015. Moving capable initiative in business colleges: Can a profound methodology help.Leadership improvement: Questions business colleges dont ask, pp.151-163. Joseph, J., 2015. Personal circumstance and Altruism: Pluralism as a Basis for Leadership in Business.Business andManagement Studies,1(2), pp.106-114. Klaus, L. what's more, Fernando, M., 2016. Instituting profound administration in business through sense of self transcendence.Leadership Organization Development Journal,37(1), pp.71-92. Paw?owski, K., 2014. Administration in business. Pruzan, P., Pruzan-Mikkelsen, K., Miller, D. what's more, Miller, W., 2017.Leading with insight: Spiritual-based initiative in business. Routledge. Simon, A. what's more, LaCava, G., 2014. Key reasoning and authority: Comparing business pioneers and MBA understudies in Western Australia.Oxford Journal: An International Journal of Business Economics,1(1). Swanson, D.L. what's more, Frederick, W.C., 2016. Forswearing and authority in business morals education.Business morals: New difficulties for business colleges and corporate pioneers, pp.222-240. Syed, R., Bandara, W., French, E. what's more, Stewart, G., 2016. The status of research on administration in business process the executives: A call for activity.

More humanities than a humanities major

More humanities than a humanities major Okay folks, heres what I have to do this weekend 1. Write a blog entry 2. Study for 10.213 test Monday 3. Study for a 10.302 test Tuesday 4. Do 10.302 problem set for Monday 5. Do 10.28 problem set for Monday 6. Write introduction to 10.28 advanced technical review for Monday 7. Work 4-hour Burton-Conner desk shift Sunday Night 8. Do German I homework and dictation 9. Marching Band rehearsal 10. Finish Harmony and Counterpoint compositions for Monday 11. Laundry, laundry, laundry 12. Go to New York and Connecticut with Mitra to see Abyssinia, an inspiring musical written by a friend of a friend of Sams Mom Because I am a fool, I also bought the wrong tickets for the Chinatown bus, which we need to have changed mere moments before our departure. That should be stress-free. The moral of the story is look for a majorly awesome update Tuesday night or thereabouts. On second thought, what am I going to write about? Taking exams? Anyway, later this week I am heading to the Ig Nobel Awards and to a five-dollar fall retreat at a cabin in New Hampshire with the dorm, both of which have boundless blogging potential. On weekends like this, I have an old test that I keep in a special place that I take out and read through and remember a time when I used to feel smart: The test is from the Fall 2004 term when I was taking 21M.271: Symphony and Concerto. The test involved listening to various symphonies and concerti and then identifying them and writing down 6 characteristics (key, time signature, texture, instrumentation, etc). For every excerpt, you got an extra point if you wrote down 7 musical characteristics instead of 6. It seems like not everybody in the class took full advantage of that stipulation, so I made out pretty well. In general, Ive done fairly well at humanities classes at MIT, but they do end up being a lot of work if youre not ready for them. This was also part the greatest week in history; I had four exams, a prelab, and a lab report, and I believe the Red Sox won the ALCS also. This test was on Wednesday and then I had three more on Friday. So, I started off the week with an A+++ in 21M.271 and gradually regressed to a 54/100 in 18.701, Algebra I. Which was still a B-, of course.

The Importance of Emotional Intelligence in Leadership...

In any sphere of human existence which requires the coordinated cooperation of people working in teams, including corporate offices, political parties and emergency rooms, strong and definitive leadership is essential to assure that goals and objectives are pursued and met. Without effective leadership, whether from an office manager, a campaign strategist or a registered nurse, teams of people holding varying positions within any organizational structure will invariably succumb to inefficiency and inefficacy. Renowned research psychologist Kurt Lewin pioneered the analysis of leadership styles through his groundbreaking 1939 studies, identifying autocratic (authoritarian), democratic (participative) and laissez-faire (delegative) leadership as the three predominant methods of stewarding large organizations. Lewin and his colleagues concluded that the genuine motivation of subordinates is best achieved by utilizing a variety of tactics, including positive encouragement, punishment fo r failure and the provision of incentives, depending on the distinct leadership style exhibited by a particular manager. While organizational management requires a calculating ability to utilize logic-based reasoning skills, effective leaders go beyond these rational motivations to create an emotional connection †¦ they give meaning to work, to reach deeper levels of motivation (Matha and Boehm, 2008), which is why the most successful leadership is often achieved by employing emotionallyShow MoreRelatedEmotional Intelligence And The Mind Team1318 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to Smit The Mind Team (n.d), Emotional Intelligence is the ability to recognize your emotions, understand what they re telling you, and realize how your emotions affect people around you. It also involves your perception of others; when you are knowledgeably aware of people s feelings, you are able to manage relationships more effectively. During my time at my former job at a commercial bank in Nigeria, I had the privilege of working with a boss who had the superior quality of payingRead MoreOrganization I Work For Is Small Contract Research Organization.1000 Words   |  4 Pageschange, managing conflicts, strategic thinking etc. I like the way my organization functions and handles different situations. We work in a healthy environment and a lot of importance is given to organizational culture and climate. Employees are always given priority and also asked for suggestions during any process. Proper communication in terms of feedbacks and status meeting is often conducted to maintain positive workflow. Moreover, we have some good leaders in the organization who like to take thereRead MoreEmotional Intelligence And Nursing Leadership1638 Words   |  7 PagesEmotional Intelligence and Nursing Leadership Today, the emphasis on the word leadership leads us to believe that it is unattainable by the average person. We hear phrases such as leaders are born and not created that make us feel that leadership is only for the few. In some instances, this could be the case, but a form of leadership that can be learned by anyone is known as emotional intelligence. Using leadership of this kind can be used in all sorts of career fields such as corporate, salesRead MoreTaking a Look at Emotional Intelligence1524 Words   |  6 PagesEmotional intelligence: Modern organizations are confronted with demands and pressure is growing consistently cost -effective education leadership, continues to intrigue researchers and practitioners. Considerable amount of research and attention to emotional intelligence and life, personality, social interaction, teamwork, education and leadership to identify links between social satisfactions has been paid. Today increasingly complex and changing world, researcher’s emphasized need for the newRead MoreOrganizational and Professional Development1519 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Social intelligence has been defined as the ability to understand and manage other people, and to engage in adaptive social interactions like making them to get along with you. Social intelligence entails a persons awareness to a situation and the social dynamics that accompany the situation and the knowledge of the strategies and interaction style, that, he/she can use to achieve the desired objective while dealing with others (Bob, 2008). Social intelligence has gained popularityRead Moreself assessement Essay1227 Words   |  5 Pages CONTENT 1. UNDERSTANDING HUMAN BEHAVIOR IN AN ORGANISATION 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Definition of human behavior 1.3 The importance of understanding human behavior to an organization 1.4 The importance of understanding human behavior by leaders 1.5 Leadership self-evaluation/self-assessment 1.6 The benefits of self- assessment/self-evaluation to leaders today. 1.1 INTRODUCTION Organisations are made up of people and people are a huge asset to anyRead MoreThe Impact Of A Poor Communication Climate On The Workplace Essay951 Words   |  4 Pagesliterature review will consist of theoretical perspectives and previous research findings related to the communication climate in the workplace. The review will provide a focus for the study and to report the important concepts and data related to the attitudes and behaviors in the workplace. The review will include an overview of the behaviors, conflict resolution, and educating leadership on communication strategies. A variety of resources will be utilized for reviews of literature pertinent to the projectRead MoreManagers Emotional Intelligence Effect On Followers Performance1577 Words   |  7 PagesManager’s Emotional Intelligence Effect on Follower’s Performance Job Satisfaction. Research has shown that leaders who have high levels of emotional intelligence are able to increase the job satisfaction of their workers leading to increase performance. In a study done by Sy, Tram, and O’Hara (2006) of 187 restaurant workers, in which 62 were managers, they investigated the relationship between employees’ emotional intelligence, their manager’s emotional intelligence, employees’ job satisfactionRead MoreLeadership Styles And Their Preferred Language Of Appreciation1017 Words   |  5 Pagesstewardship of the HR profession. Management leadership is an ongoing responsibility and an art that develops over time. According to the late George Terry (1981), the primary task of a manger is to enable a working environment that will induce and maintain an enthusiastic desire to accomplish work among employees (p. 90). Leadership progresses with experience, observation, and interaction with employees. The critical understandi ng of leadership is being able to motivate employees to invest theirRead MoreThe Management Skills Development Assignment1614 Words   |  7 PagesManagement Skills Development Assignment was the pinnacle of MGMT1000 course. It has allowed me to asses my strengths and weakness and provided me with opportunities to reflect upon personal experiences in which I endeavoured to improve my emotional intelligence. I am incredibly thankful to Dr. Jean Adams for providing me with a new form of education tailored to my own self-interests. I believe I have transformed into a better rounded individual thank to the various opportunities that were dawned

Harriet Tubm The Most Influential Women Of All Time

Not many people are capable of defying the rolls of society but that did not stop Harriet Tubman. Not only was Tubman the bravest woman in history, she was an African American slave who overcame adversity. Tubman escaped and not only made a better life for herself, but made a difference in hundreds of other African Americans lives. Tubman risked her own safety and freedom to help other African American’s reach their freedom. Tubman taught us that no matter who you are, where you come from, or what you look like, you can change the world if you have the right intentions. Harriet’s determination to get freedom for herself, family, and all other African Americans was truly inspiring. Tubman went against all odds and managed to save so many†¦show more content†¦By the time Tubman reached age eleven her owners sold her to a woman named Miss Susan. Miss Susan used Harriett too take care of her baby and clean the house. Harriett was often beaten by Miss Susan if the h ouse was not clean but Tubman was eventually returned back to her original home. Tubman’s scars would be with her the rest of her life. In one article it wrote â€Å"Harriet was at a store when she encountered a runaway slave and when the slaves overseer demanded her to help restrain a runway and refused, the overseer throw a two pound weight at her head and caused her to have seizures, severe headaches, and intense dreams that Tubman that we insisted were religious experiences.† That incident would affect Tubman her whole life, getting constant migraines and having seizes. Harriet’s faith in God started from a very young age. From the very beginning Tubman’s life was not easy and she knew that she could not live like that forever. Around the year of 1849 Harriet’s owners died of an illness and she decided to escape with her two brothers. When Tubman suggested to her husband about her idea to run away he refused to even acknowledge the idea and told her he would tell the authorities where she was headed if she tried to leave.Tubman did not let that stop her. One night Tubman had to sneak out of bed in the middle of the night to leave because she was scared he would betray her. A little while into their journey

William Shakespeare s Hamlet - Sanity Vs. Insanity

Wesley Ray Elliott December 7th, 2015 Honors English IV Mrs. Joyner Sanity VS. Insanity â€Å"Hamlet represents the mid period of the growth of Shakespeare s genius, when comedy and history ceased to be adequate for the expression of his deeper thoughts and sadder feelings about life, and when he was entering upon his great series of tragic writings† (The World s Best Essays from the Earliest Period to the Present Time). Hamlet’s actions are entirely too extreme for him to be faking his insanity. Hamlet is constantly on the brink of insanity, or so it seems like. All this stress is put upon Hamlet and it’s difficult to tell if he’s faking his insanity or not due to multiple portions of the play. He lost control of his actions, which led to many other issues to arise in the play, and others uphold his ability of dramatic art. Hamlet’s behavior, especially toward Ophelia is inconsistent. Throughout the story, Hamlet’s sanity slowly deteriorates. Then again, Hamlet is a story of vengeance and lust, with a mix of insanity. In Hamlet, Hamlet portrays himself as the victim. Even when Hamlet heard the news of his father’s death he acted mad by blaming who he could and jumping to conclusions. When his father is killed, Hamlet’s insanity starts to shine through, bit by bit (When his mother and the king question Hamlet on his grief for his father, This is where he shows he is unstable). Hamlet is screaming at his mother telling her how his actions are honest and he is not pretendingShow MoreRelatedThe Sanity Of William Shakespeare s Hamlet1938 Words   |  8 Pagesantagonist as mentally ill brings depth to the character’s essence. Many acclaimed critics question the sanity of the protagonist in one of William Shakespeare’s most famous plays, Hamlet. The question of Prince Hamlet’s sanity divides readers into two different opinions: one defending his plan of fake insanity and the other confirming his insanity. In his plan to avenge his father’s death, H amlet disguises himself as mad. Unfortunately, Hamlet’s intricate plan backfires as his mental illnesses become

Strategic Management on Qantas Airway free essay sample

This report is going to provide a fundamental analysis inboth external and internal factors that influence Qantas Airway in competing in the aviation industry. The PESTEL framework is applied to identify how issues in the political, economic, social,technological, environmental and legal environment may affect the industry within which Qantas operates. Moreover, Porter’s five forces model also helps identify the attractiveness of the airline and aviation industry related to five competitive forces: the threat of entry, the threat of substitutes, the power of buyers, the power of suppliers and the intensity of rivalry among competitors in the existing industry (Johnson, Whittington amp; Scholes 2011). The external analysis is essential to determine Qantas’ opportunities and threats. Whereas the internal analysis includes understanding Qantas’ resources and competences that are likely to provide sustainable competitive advantage, identifying Qantas’ competitive position using VRIN model (value, rarity, inimitability and non-substitutability), examining Qantas value chain analysis by evaluating the primary and support activities that the company performs and analysing its weakness and strengths. Finally, Qantas’ generic business strategies are also going to be examined by analysing it strategic statement and objective. Background Information Qantas (Queensland and Northern Territory Aerial Services Limited) is Australia’s largest domestic and international airline. It employs 37,000 staff and provides services across a network that covers 145 destinations in 37 countries (Qantas Airways Limited 2007. It is known as the worlds leading long distance airline, providing pioneered services from Australia to North America and Europe. It was established in the Queensland outback in 1920 by William Hudson Fysh and Paul McGuinnes. The business started with small biplanes carrying one or two passengers. It the first airline that invented business class travel in 1979 which now becoming a global standard (Qantas 2009). Moreover, the airline has served through war and peace to protect and support the nation therefore Qantas has been recognized as ‘Spirit of Australia’ with the red kangaroo logo that gives a strong brand image. Today, Qantas is widely regarded as one of Australia’s strongest brands with a proud history of reliability, excellent customer service and safety. It provides international as well as domestic connectivity and offers premium services including high quality in-flight services, convenient check in, Qantas club, holiday packages and car rental facilities. Its main target market is business travellers. SWOT Analysis Strengths * Extensive network / member of the One World Alliance * Globally recognised brand name and logo * Impressive safety record * Excellent airport locations and facilities| Weaknesses * No plans for expansion * Customer’s quality perception decreased * Higher operating costs than its competitors| Opportunities * Gain strategic position using E-commerce * Increase number of business travellers due to boom in international trade| Threats * Questionable reliability (delays, cancellations, etc. ) * Strong competitors, such as Singapore Airlines (international) and Virgin Blue (domestic) * Rising fuel costs * Increase in government regulations to protect smaller competitors| The above table helps to illustrate the internal (strengths and weaknesses) and external (opportunities and threats) analyses of Qantas airway. Overall, Qantas Airway is a strongly established airline company in the world; however it will need strategic planning in order to tackle potential threats. Further analyses will be conducted for the internal (Porter’s Five Forces) and external (PESTEL model) factors affecting both Qantas Airway and the aviation industry. PESTEL Analysis Using the PESTEL framework, a macro-environment analysis will be conducted for the aviation industry within which Qantas operates. Political In 1990, price and entry restrictions were eradicated due to deregulation of the Australian market. Since then, the Australian government has not directly interfered in the domestic market. However, there are still several political restrictions, such as the foreign ownership levels in Australian airlines. As for the international market, it is still deeply regulated as the access to individual routes is based on over 3,500 bilateral agreements between governments (Dixon 2008). As a result, politicians are able to apply this policy as a barrier to entry for new competitors in the industry. Hence, this gives national airlines a competitive edge. Nevertheless, governments are starting to loosen access restrictions to individual routes. Economic The greatest concern in the aviation industry is oil prices. As fluctuation of oil prices is extremely difficult to predict, airlines are having a hard time controlling fuel costs. Also, in recent years, oil prices have been steadily increasing, which causes a rise in airline operation costs to a critical level. As a result, commercial airlines would be obliged to increase the prices of tickets in order to maintain a sustainable profit margin. Social People are now traveling so much more as compared to during the 20th century as a direct consequence of globalisation. In fact, the aviation industry has contributed to the integration of different cultures by making traveling more affordable, simpler and less time consuming. Technological Due to rapid technological advancement and intense competition among aerospace manufacturers, commercial airlines are now able to use more efficient aircrafts. Airbus has recently created the A-380 which boasts to be a highly efficient plane that can hold 525 passengers and that the use of this plane will increase the returns of the airline by 35% (Airbus 2008). On the other hand, Boeing has created the 787 Dreamliner which is said to save 20% more fuel than a place with similar specifications (Boeing 2008). Qantas has placed an order for 20 A-380 aircrafts, 115 Boeing aircrafts which include the 787 Dreamliner aircraft. With the internet so widely used in today’s society, customers can now purchase tickets using Qantas website or telesales. These new options help to significantly lower airlines operation costs, since companies are required to spend substantial resources in opening new ticket offices. Additionally, the need for intermediaries such as travel agencies can be removed from the equation since customers can now compare ticket prices between airlines online, thus having the ability to organise trips on their own. This direct relationship between customers and airlines help to reduce final ticket prices. Environmental 2% of the total CO2 emissions in the world are contributed by airplanes. Hence, with the development of Air Traffic Management, new fuel efficient routes are being made in an attempt to reduce CO2 emissions by 1. 5 million tons (Eurocontrol 2008). With the invention of more efficient aircrafts, a reduction in CO2 should be possible. Legal Australian law states that the foreign ownership level in Qantas must always be below 50%. This policy may restrict Qantas to raise new resources (Ryan 2007). Qantas also faced some problems in expanding due to regulatory barriers. In 2003 Qantas tried to acquire Air New Zealand. However, it was unsuccessful as regulators from New Zealand claimed that the national economy would suffer a major negative impact due to the merger (Fifield 2003). Porter’s Five Forces Analysis Threat of new competition -Low threat of competition because of high start-up cost, planes/terminals/training. The threat of new competition in the airline industry is low. The high cost of the aircraft and other capital need is the major factor. There is also not much that differentiates airlines so a new entrant can’t come in with new technology and quickly increase market-share. Threat of substitute service -High threat from alternative modes of transport. There are plans to build a high-speed railway from Melbourne to Brisbane via Sydney and Canberra (Rood 2011). This could take a large market-share of Qantas’ domestic flights. The cost of a train trip from Melbourne to Sydney could be under $100, while the same trip by plane is around $300. Bargaining power of customers -There is not a lot that is different between competing airlines. It basically comes down to how good the service is to how much the ticket is. With not much room to maneuver in the aviation industry, Qantas does not have much leverage to retain its user base. The only think Qantas can do is to keep its good image and keep costs as low as possible. The customers can easily go elsewhere and as such have a lot of bargaining power. Bargaining power of suppliers -There are only 2 suppliers capable of producing commercial aircraft that meets Qantas’ needs – Airbus and Boeing. As there are only 2 suppliers that are capable of producing aircraft on the scale that Qantas needs, it does not have much bargaining power over suppliers. Though the orders are generally for more than 20 planes at a time and therefore Qantas gets the planes for a good price. Threat of New Competition -The aviation industry is a very competitive market. Airlines are always looking at new ways to increase their market-share. There is not much Qantas can do to distinguish itself from its competitors in its role as an airline so Qantas focuses more on service and ticket price. Qantas provides a very high level of service and has a very good safety record. The Economic factors are very important to Qantas’ profit. As fuel prices are very high it drives the price of flights up with it. It also makes alternative forms of transport like trains much more favourable. With low bargaining power with suppliers, if the suppliers decide to increase prices then Qantas does not have much choice but to increase ticket prices. Qantas also does not have much bargaining power with customers, hence this presents a problem. Qantas’ Strategic Capabilities Strategic Capabilities| Resources| | Competencies| * Strong Brand Image â€Å"Spirit of Australia† * Outstanding Airport facilities * Frequent flyer scheme| Physical| * Best safety records * Outstanding Customer Loyalty| * High returns on invested capital * A great amount of capital| Financial| * Cost savings from implementation of the Sustainable Future Program * Successful fuel hedging program| * Skilled employees| Human| * Excellent customer service| Qantas has several strategic capabilities that assist the company to maintain its position as the market leader in the aviation industry. Firstly, the company has a strong brand image which is regarded as its distinctive resource since it gives Qantas competitive advantage that others cannot imitate. The Qantas brand is associated with ‘Spirit of Australia’, premium in-flight services, on-time schedules and convenient booking system that all are highly valued by the customers. Qantas also has good reputation for safety. The last serious accident suffered by Qantas was in 1951 and only several minor incidents have been reported in 1960, 1999 and 2008 (Qantas 2009). This is an exceptional safety records considering the number of serious incidents that other airlines have experienced in the last 88 years. Moreover, Qantas has excellent airport facilities including E-ticket and Quick Check-in facilities that are available at domestic airport allowing customers who travel without luggage to save time. Qantas also provides meeting room at Sydney and Melbourne terminal and offers Qantas Club for customers who expect services before flight. This first-rate airport facility might be viewed as Qantas threshold resources required to meet customers’ needs. Qantas Frequent Flyer is the most well-known airline loyalty program in the southern hemisphere. It is estimated that 11,000 new members join the loyalty program every week and it has 7. 2 million members and 500 partners (Chandler amp; Tubman 2012). Qantas Frequent Flyer is one of the dynamic capabilities as this may be imitated by competitors and become standard practice in the aviation industry over time, hence Qantas needs to renew and recreate the scheme to cope with the ever changing environment. Importantly, Qantas has carried on the Sustainable Future Program and fuel hedging to deal with cost pressure. Through this program, Qantas has managed to save $3 billion over a five year period (2003 – 2008) with savings of $747 million during the year 2008 (Qantas Airways Limited 2008). Additionally, Qantas has strong financial management since it has managed to be one of the few profitable airlines worldwide without government assistance. Qantas’ management also successfully maximize return to shareholder after the privatisation in 1995 (Qantas 2010). Finally, Qantas has spent over $300 million in the last 5 years in staff training since Qantas believes that employees are the foundation of the company and motivating them to provide greater service might assist the company achieve its objective of gaining sustainable competitive advantage (Joyce 2012). VRIN Model Analysis Using the Venn diagram to further illustrate the VRIN model Physical Resources A – Qantas brand (Valuable, Rare, Inimitable, and Non-substitutable) B – Airport locations and facilities (Valuable, Rare, and Non-substitutable) C – Frequent flyer scheme (Valuable) Financial Resource D – Financial management system (Valuable, Rare, and Inimitable) Human Resource E – Skilled Workforce (Valuable, Rare, and Non-substitutable) VRIN Data Analysis From the above Venn diagram, it can be concluded that Qantas Airway is in a sustainable competitive position due to its many invaluable resources. Qantas’s Value Chain By using the Value chain analysis it is easy to determine that Qantas implements a premium service with high quality staff, airplanes and service. Qantas relies on being an Australian company with people knowing and trusting its name in regards to quality and safety. It also uses reward programs like frequent flyer points to gain the loyalty of its customers by providing rewards if they can accumulate a certain amount. Qantas has a commanding 65% of all domestic flights in Australia, but loses money on its international flights (Hedges 2011). As pricing is one of the most important factors to differentiate your business from another, reducing costs are very important to Qantas. By procuring new more efficient airplanes like the Airbus A380 Qantas can fly more people for similar fuel costs and therefor increasing efficiency of its fleet. Newer planes also have designs improvements which increase the planes aerodynamics thereby also increasing its fuel efficiency. By training its staff well, Qantas ensures a high level of quality on all its flights. By having proficient staff who can deal with any situation it gives consumers confidence in the company and helps ticket sales. By using a differentiating strategy, Qantas has retained its title of Australia’s largest airline. However it needs to differentiate itself more in the future to compete with other airlines internationally. Qantas’ Generic Strategies Qantas’ services are open to a broad range of customers. The flight routes are many and widespread with no limitations on who can and can’t use them. The competitive scope is therefore broad. Qantas is also a non-budget airline so its costs are relatively higher than some other airlines. Using these two determiners Qantas falls into the differentiation strategy. With airlines, there is not much you can do to differentiate your company from others in the industry. The main differential factors are service and cost. Qantas provides a top-of-line quality service with an amazing safety record of no deaths in over 42 years (Airsafe 2007). Qantas is an Australian icon. As the longest continuously running airline in the world it is a symbol of Australia’s strength and unity. Qantas uses this in its ads featuring choirs singing â€Å"I still call Australia home† all around the world. With the collapse of Ansett in 2001, a large percentage of Ansett’s business went to Qantas and Virgin Blue (now Virgin Australia). With Virgin Blue a new company only founded in 2000, Qantas had a strong position in domestic flights in Australia. Qantas has failed to differentiate itself in the international airline industry as it is losing money on long half flights (Hedges 2011). The domestic sector is the only thing keeping Qantas afloat. Due to Australia’s high labour costs it is hard for Qantas to compete without outsourcing to cheaper Asian maintenance companies. In 2011 there was an incident where all Qantas planes were grounded with â€Å"a daily financial impact of about 20 million Australian dollars† (Spark, Williams amp; Joseph 2011). The workers wanted more pay and job security but the two sides are yet to come to a unanimous decision. Conclusion In conclusion, it is necessary for Qantas to analyse its external and internal factors in determining its business strategy and brand position since understanding external environment such as political, economic, social, technological, environment and legal environment may assist Qantas to understand threats and opportunites. In addition, in order to successfully overcome threats and seize opportuninties, Qantas needs to look into its strengths and weaknesses through analysing its strategic capabilities, value chain activities and competitive advantage. It is believed that having sustainable competitive advantages such as globally recognised brand image, superior reputation, strong financial management, outstanding airport facilities and excellent customer service may significantly assist Qantas to compete and survive in the aviation industry.